Procedimentos transsexualizadores cirúrgicos maxilofaciais em indivíduos com disforia de gênero / Maxillofacial surgical transsexualization procedures in individuals with gender dysphoria

Abstract

Introduction: Gender dysphoria refers to the suffering of an individual who accompanies the incongruity between the experienced or expressed gender and the gender designated at birth. The benefits associated with the quality of life of these individuals after transsexualizing surgeries in the maxillofacial region resulted in an increase in the number of patients who request and have indication for these procedures. Objective: To identify in the literature the maxillofacial surgical procedures performed on individuals with gender dysphoria. Method: A literature review was carried out using the following descriptors: facial feminization; facial masculinization; maxillofacial procedures and trassexualism. The included studies were observational (descriptive/analytical) and randomized clinical trials that addressed maxillofacial surgical procedures in populations with gender dysphoria. The search was carried out in the Medline databases (Medlars Online); Elsevier's Scopus; Web of Science; Embase; Scielo. Results and Conclusion: Eight studies were published, mostly between the years 2019 and 2020 (n = 4) that addressed patients aged 18 to 67 years, especially in transition from male to female facial characteristics (feminization). The maxillofacial surgical procedures most performed in the studies were glabellar reductions (n ​​= 81), genioplasties (n = 78) and mandibular angle resections (n ​​= 67) and resulted in a better quality of life for patients with gender dysphoria. Further analytical observational clinical studies are encouraged to improve the quality of the evidence found on the topic.