Avaliação nutricional e nível de fragilidade em idosos cardiopatas atendidos no ambulatório de um hospital de ensino em São Paulo

Abstract

Objective: Objective. Assess the physical and nutritional conditions of elderly patients with heart disease, the level of frailty of the Elder and characterize the sociodemographic profile. Method. Field research, descriptive, prospective, transversal and with a quantitative approach to the data. The research was carried out at the Cardiology Service of a teaching hospital, people over 60 years old with a diagnosis of heart disease participated in the research; patients seen at the cardiology outpatient clinic and who consented to participate. Patients without heart disease and under 60 years of age were excluded, there was no refusal to participate. This research project is part of a larger project, entitled "Profile of patients treated in a cardiology service of a teaching hospital", already approved by opinion nº 2.623.123 and contemplated with resources from the Research Support Fund (FAP) from Fundação Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho (2018/2019 term). Data collection was carried out from July 1 to August 31, 2021, before the medical consultation in the outpatient waiting room, and after signing the informed consent form The collection took place through individual interviews. Three instruments were used: Sociodemographic and clinical data (Appendix 2), Multidimensional assessment of the elderly (Appendix 3), Nutritional Assessment Scale: will be carried out using the Mini Nutritional Assessment® - Nestlé Nutrition form (ANNEX 4). The information was entered in a Microsoft Excel system file. The sociodemographic and clinical variables are presented in a descriptive way and the quantitative ones, in absolute frequency (N) and relative (%). Results. Twenty-nine elderly people participated in the survey: 52% were men and 48% were women aged between 60 and 74 years (68%), declared white, retired, former smokers, 10% said they consume alcohol, 51% perform some type of activity physical and 41% consider their current state of health to be regular. After submitting this population scope to the MNA, it was found that 62.1% of respondents were at risk of malnutrition. Conclusion. Pre-frail elderly people at risk of malnutrition predominated. The results confirm the importance of nursing care to emphasize the assessment and nutritional monitoring of the elderly, especially in patients with cardiovascular diseases, since the nutritional condition affects and is affected by chronic diseases, corroborating the functional decline, directly interfering with the health condition. of this population. Key words: Nutrition Assessment; Aged; Heart Diseases; Ambulatory Care